Sizing artificial silk



atenteci Sept. 18, 1934 UNITED STATES PATNT SIZING ARTIFICIAL SILK No Drawing. Application January 17, 1931, Serial No. 509,537. In Germany January 21, 1930 f 16 Claims. (Cl.134-18) Our invention relates to an improved sizing preparation for artificial fibers and more especially for such fibers as are made from cellulose acetate, which facilitates subsequent operations, said sizing materials being of'the type employing a drying oil. I

One of its objects isto provide sizing agents comprising as a main part drying oils said sizing agents yielding elasticcoatings so that the sized fiber remains soft and does not break whenbent. It may be applied without injuring the fiber and can be easily and economically removed without damage to the fiber.

Preparations meeting all of the requirements, are obtainable according to our invention by adding to the drying oils another oilof high viscosity, said second oil being a non-drying oil or an incompletely drying oil.

As drying oils being the chief ingredient in our size preparations, we enumerate, for instance, the following:- linseed oil, soy bean oil, perilla oil, wood oil, rape oil, or cotton oil, preferably purified from their slimy impurities.

Asasoftening oil preventing the sizing film from breaking, we may use chemically altered natural or artificial oils having at 100 C. a viscosity of more than 10, or preferably more than 20 measured with the Engler viscosimete'r and an iodine number not higher than 60, preferably between 40 and 50. Representatives of these groups of practically non-drying oils are the following:- highly oxidized unsaturated oils or fats such as, for instance, blown rape oil, blown cotton oil, blown soy bean oil, etholide glycerides, or free etholides such as formed, forinstance, by heating a higher hydroxy fatty acid, Whereat an esterification of a number of hydroxy fatty acid molecules occurs (cf. K. H. Bauer, Fette und Oele, 1928, printed by Parey, Berlin, pages 80, 108 and 386). Preferably blown half-drying oils of commerce, for instance, blown rape oil, may be used. The quantity of softening oil, we add, amounts to 5-30% calculated on the quantity of the drying oil.

Our new preparations may be used together with drying accelerators such as cobalt acetate, cobalt oleate or cobalt resinate or with one of the known manganese or lead dryers the quantity of which depends on the drying period desired. By suitably choosing the amount of the drying accelerator to be added the removal of the sizing agent may be improved. They may be used either together with a solvent, for instance, an aromatic or aliphatic hydrocarbon, or in 5 form of aqueous emulsions prepared in the known manner with aid of a soap or an emulsifier, for instance, Turkey red oil, whereat the emulsification of the drying oils is facilitated by the presence of the blown oils or the etholides. In certain cases it is advisable to add oil-soluble soaps made 5 from water soluble amines, preferably amine soaps, for instance, triethanol amine, which soaps prevent-a too rapid drying of the sizing.

'A sizing or coating of these preparations applied to the fiber adds to its strength, makes the individual fibers of a thread glue together and prevents opening in the loom or elsewhere; it adds to the elasticity of the thread, prevents it from being charged with static electricity and the thread follows easily all the movements necessary when traveling in contact with parts of the machine by which it is made up into a fabric. The subsequent separation of the sizing from the fiber presents no difficulty and can be carried out without injuring the fiber. For the removal of the sizing there may be used the known agents, for instance, a soap solution containing a perboric acid salt. Contrary to the known sizing preparations made with drying oils, our sizing materials efiect a certain adhesion of the individual fibers 89 before drying of the oils without sticking of the threads. This adhesion of the individual fibers is desired, for instance, in the case of only slightly twisted artificial silk or if the sized material is subjected before drying to a textile operation, for instance, to twisting, which may occur, if the sizing agent is applied to the running thread in the dry-spinning process.

Our invention is illustrated by the following examples 90 A. sizing preparation useful for the process as set 5 forth, may consist of 85 parts of purified linseed oil, 15 parts of blown rape oil (viscosity E10o=40, iodine number: 43) 0.2 parts of a mixture of lead and manganese resinate mixed in the ratio 2:1, and parts of toluene. The solution is applied 11;)

on the running threads through capillary nozzles, the threads are twisted and hung in form of skeins until the sizing film has dried.

Example 3.--The sizing preparation is composed according to the following formula:15 parts of etholide glyceride made from ricinoleic acid (viscosity E100: 16, iodine number: '88), 0.5 parts of a mixture of 3 parts of lead naphthenate and 1 part of manganese naphthenate dissolved in 5 parts of linoleic acid, and 400 parts of high-- boiling benzene or solvent naphtha. This solution is useful in sizing skeins of artificial silk.

What we claim is:

l. A sizing preparation comprising a drying oil and a practically non-drying oil having a viscosity or" E higher than 10.

2. A sizing preparation comprising .a drying oil and a blown half-drying oil having a viscosity of E100 c. higher than 10 and an iodine number below 60.

3. A sizing preparation comprising a drying oil, a blown half-drying oil having a viscosity of E100 0. higher than 10 and an iodine number below so, and a small quantity of a drying accelerator.

a. A sizing preparation comprising parts by weight or" purified linseed oil and 19 parts by weight of blown rape oil having a viscosity of E100 0.:30 and an iodine number of 46, 0.6 parts by weight of lead resinate, on parts by weight of manganese resinate and 400 parts by weight of high-boiling benzine.

5. A sizing preparation comprising parts by weight of purified linseed oil, 15 parts by weight of blown rape oil having a viscosity of E100" 0.:40 and an iodine number of 43, 0.2 parts by weight of a mixture of lead and manganese resinate mixed in the ratio 2:1, and 100 parts by weight of toluene.

6. A sizing preparation comprising 15 parts by weight of etholide glyoeride made from ricinoleic acid having a viscosity of E100" o.=l6 and an iodine number of 88, 0.5 parts by weight of a mixture of 3 parts by weight of lead naphthenate and 1 part by weight of manganese naphthenate dissolved in 5 parts by weight of linoleic acid, and 400 parts by weight of high-boiling benzene.

'7. A sizing preparation comprising a drying oil and an oil of the group consisting of a blown half-drying oil having a viscosity of E higher than 10 and an iodine number below 60, a free etholide and an etholide glyceride.

8. Artificial silk threads consisting of hydrated cellulose or a cellulose derivative coated with a sizing preparation comprising a drying oil and an oil of the group consisting of a blown half-drying oil having a viscosity of E higher than 10 and an iodine number below 60, a free etholide and an etholide glyceride.

9. Artificial silk threads consisting of hydrated cellulose or a cellulose derivative coated with a sizing preparation comprising a drying oil and a blown half-drying oil having a viscosity of E higher than 10 and an iodine number below 60.

10. Artificial silk threads consisting of hydrated cellulose or a cellulose derivative coated with a sizing preparation comprising a drying oil, a blown half-drying oil having a viscosity of Em 0. higher than 10 and an iodine number below to "60; and a small quantity of a drying accelerator.

11..Artificial silk threads consisting of hydrated cellulose or a cellulose derivative coated with a sizing preparation comprising 80 parts by weight of purified linseed oil and 19 parts by weight of blown rape oil having a viscosity of E 00c-=30 and an iodine number of 46, 0.6 parts by weight of lead resinate, 0.4 parts by weight of manganese resinate and 400 parts by weight of high-boiling benzine.

12. Artificial silk threads consisting of hydrated cellulose or a cellulose derivative coated with a sizing preparation comprising 85 parts by weight of purified linseed oil, 15 parts by weight of blown rape oil having a viscosity of E e .:40 and an iodine number pf 43, 0.2 parts by weight of a mixture of lead and manganese resinate mixed in the ratio 2:1, and 100 parts by weight of toluene.

13. Artificial silk threads consisting of hydrated cellulose or a cellulose derivative coated with a sizing preparation comprising 15 parts by weight of etholide glyceride made from ricinoleic acid having a Viscosity of E .:16 and an iodine number of 88, 0.5 parts by weight of a mixture of 3 parts by weight oflead naphthenate and 1 part by weight of manganese naphthenate dissolved in '5 parts by weight of linoleic acid, and 400 parts by weight of high-boiling benzene.

14s. A sizing preparation comprising a drying oiland an oil of the group consisting of a blown half-drying oil having a viscosity of E higher than 10 and an iodine number below 60, a free etholide and an etholide glyceride, and a small quantity of a, drying accelerator.

1'5. Artificial silk threads consisting of hydrated cellulose-or a cellulose derivative coated with a sizing preparation comprising a drying oil and a practicallynomdrying oil having a viscosity of E1 0. higher than 10.

16. Artificial silk threads consisting of hy- J drated cellulose or a cellulose derivative coated with a sizing preparation comprising a drying oil and an oil of the group consisting of a blown half-drying oil having a viscosity of E m higher than lband an iodine number below 60, 

